It is a surprise to me that anyone summiting has access to insurance at all. I suppose that if the fraud rate is as low as 3.5% and insurance is contracted specifically for the trip, then a rational payor will raise rates and carry on.
On the whole, there is finite capacity of certain assets, like helicopters. If the emergency carrying capacity is X and true emergencies are .6 X then there is spoiled capacity of .4 X, in which fraudulent emergencies are placed, keeping everyone in the system whole so that when true emergencies approach .9 X there is no need for fraud. This follows the "optimal amount of fraud is non-zero" and eliminating this fraud might remove the margin needed for the system to exist at all.
An anecdote tells of the British government's bounty on dead Indian cobras
giving locals the perverse incentive to start breeding the snakes, to be able
to kill more of them and collect more bounty
The people in the article are just trekking around the valleys, not going for the summit. I did a summit attempt a while back and didn't bother with insurance because here wasn't much they could do - helicopters didn't go that high and getting some sherpers to carry you down would be better achieved with cash.
> Without that impact, it is assumed that almost no platinum-group metals and gold would have remained in the crust.
Wow, its wild to think of a counterfactual world without gold. Would those metals have emerged to the crust from volcanism or is that material not sourced deeply enough?
Volcanism at most brings material from the upper mantle, but usually such material becomes mixed with material from the crust, while ascending.
The mantle has slightly bigger concentrations of precious metals than the crust, but the concentrations remain many times smaller than in the core.
The reason is that both the mantle and the crust are made mostly of silicate rocks. The mantle is made of heavy silicate rocks and the crust is made of light silicate rocks, which float on the denser mantle.
The metals that are resistant to oxidation do not mix well with silicates, so they tend to segregate from them, and then, being heavier than rocks, they tend to descend towards the core. If they reach the core, then they dissolve into the melted iron.
When lava is expelled by volcanism, the precious metals contained in it usually separate from the silicates together with metal sulfides and arsenides, which makes them easier to find than if they were dispersed uniformly in the rocks. Other elements that ere much more abundant, for instance germanium and gallium, are harder to mine than the precious metals because they are not concentrated in distinct minerals but they are uniformly distributed in many rocks.
The video [0] that has a transcript provides a little more context.
A. Andreessen, I'd bet, enjoys a degree of controversy and nothing gets people activated so much as "being wrong on the Internet." [1]
B. In context, Andreessen's critique of "introspection" has to do with a particular variety, "I've just I found people who dwell in the past get stuck in the past. It's it's just it's a real problem and it's it's a problem at work and it's a problem at home." Probably a better term for Andreessen to use is "rumination." But, given A., that would be less controversial.
C. More broadly, there is some criticism of how "know thyself" is interpreted today and perhaps in TFA, which is less than developed. In the Meaning Crisis lecture series Vervaeke [2] notes:
That's not what "Know thyself" means. It doesn't mean that kind of stroking
of your autobiographical ego. Know thyself is much more a kind of direct
participatory knowing. It means understanding how you operate. It's not - if
I were to use a literary analogy - it's not like your autobiography, it's
more like your owner's manual.
D. Criticism of Andreessen seems to have the generic perspective of public health in mind rather than the perspective of "I'm happy that works for you." Consider for a moment how hard it is for a person to realize that the minds of other people are drastically different from one's own, such as having an "inner monologue" or not [3] and how “Introspection reveals that one is frequently conscious of some form of inner speech, which may appear either in a condensed or expanded form.” [4] The inner experience of Andreessen may be very different from that of his critics.
This is a great read and unironically I want to subscribe to the substack, which is titled "Mars for the Rest of Us." The author is that Ceglowski of Pinboard and occasional space essays at idlewords.com, both of which make this self-recommending for me at least.
It's a cliche that space exploration creates discoveries that improve life back here on Earth. In the topics discussed in this essay, water reclamation and waste recycling especially, the future solutions developed I think will lead to improvements for terrestrial living.
Much of the discussion here is local versus remote. I like seeing things as "and" and "or." There will be small things I don't want to burn my Claude tokens on and other things that I want to access larger compute resources. And along the way checking results from both to understand comparative advantage on an ongoing basis.
> entire backend for iTunes (Jingle) was written in Java
Wasn't that because iTunes started out as a NextStep WebObjects application? WebObjects started on Objective C, transitioned to a framework for Java in early 2000's, came to Apple with the Next acquisition.
I don't get this pov, maybe b/c I'm not a heavy Claude Code user, just a dabbler. Any LLM tool that can selectively use part of a code base as part of the input prompt will be useful as an augmentation tool.
Note the word "any." Like cloud services there will be unique aspects of a tool, but just like cloud svc there is a shared basic value proposition allows for migration from one to another and competition among them. If Gemini or OpenAI or Ollama running locally becomes a better choice, I'll switch without a care.
Subscription sprawl is likely the more pressing issue (just remembered I should stop my GH CoPilot subscription since switching to Claude).
On the whole, there is finite capacity of certain assets, like helicopters. If the emergency carrying capacity is X and true emergencies are .6 X then there is spoiled capacity of .4 X, in which fraudulent emergencies are placed, keeping everyone in the system whole so that when true emergencies approach .9 X there is no need for fraud. This follows the "optimal amount of fraud is non-zero" and eliminating this fraud might remove the margin needed for the system to exist at all.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perverse_incentivereply