Testosterone levels are correlated with aggression but does not actually cause it, and research which tries to predict aggression based on natural occurring testosterone levels always fail because... it does not actually cause aggression.
More recent (ie newer than 20th century) research into testosterone levels have found a more accurate model of what testosterone actually do in regard to aggression. It increases the amount of energy an individual will spend in order to defend social status when challenged. In societies where male social status is tied with aggression you thus see a link.
Testosterone levels however does not predict attempts to gain social status, including in societies where aggression is the main method for it. You can pump up a man at the bottom of the social hierarchy with as much testosterone as the person at the top and the hierarchy does not change one bit. Its a purely defensive mechanism, which is further explained in that testosterone levels increases after people gain social status. It is a response to how much effort should be spent defending social status based on recent success.
Society as the collective effect of hormones would be the amount of instability that the social hierarchy will have. The lower the amount the less people will defend it, the more incentives there will be to attempt increasing it, potentially resulting in more "aggressive" behavior.
More recent (ie newer than 20th century) research into testosterone levels have found a more accurate model of what testosterone actually do in regard to aggression. It increases the amount of energy an individual will spend in order to defend social status when challenged. In societies where male social status is tied with aggression you thus see a link.
Testosterone levels however does not predict attempts to gain social status, including in societies where aggression is the main method for it. You can pump up a man at the bottom of the social hierarchy with as much testosterone as the person at the top and the hierarchy does not change one bit. Its a purely defensive mechanism, which is further explained in that testosterone levels increases after people gain social status. It is a response to how much effort should be spent defending social status based on recent success.
Society as the collective effect of hormones would be the amount of instability that the social hierarchy will have. The lower the amount the less people will defend it, the more incentives there will be to attempt increasing it, potentially resulting in more "aggressive" behavior.