I see this line of thinking a lot and I think it's a mistake. Are classes in other languages consistent with each other? Clearly not, so why is this distinction made here? ES6 classes ARE classes, it's not just sugar, that is what they are.
No, it's just syntactic sugar. They're not a basic construct of the language. JavaScript has objects and it has prototypes on objects. ES6 classes are sugar over this. Classes in other languages, however, are the basic construct.
Because when you run into OOP that doesn't use the sugar, you'll have trouble if you'd only learned "class", rather than what it's syntactic sugar for.